Journal of Applied Psychological Research

Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Social Motivation Questionnaire among Students

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 1. Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Psychology Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Psychology Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.

3 Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Psychology Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.

4 Department of Psychology, Educational Science and psychology Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran.

5 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kurdistan University, Sanandaj, Iran.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the social motivation questionnaire. The current research is a descriptive-correlational investigation. The research community comprised all students of Farhangian, Amol, and Shamal universities who were studying in the academic year 2020-2021 at Farhangian, Amol, and Shomal universities. Using the electronic sampling procedure, 502 students (425 girls and 77 boys) from this community completed the social motivation questionnaire (SMQ). The data were used with statistical software (SPSS version 20) and (LISREL) version 8.80 to check the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, internal consistency coefficient, and face validity and confirmatory factor analysis. The sample size was arbitrarily divided into two groups to conduct statistical analysis in accordance with the study’s objectives. The first group underwent exploratory factor analysis, while the second group underwent confirmatory factor analysis. The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated that 8 items were assigned onto 2 factors, which collectively accounted for 58% of the variance in the social motivation questionnaire. The model’s fit indices were at the optimal level, with CFI=0.98, NFI=0.96, NNFI=0.97, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.94, and RMSEA=0.05. Additionally, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.71 for the entire 8-item questionnaire, indicating that the items possessed a high level of internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis results demonstrated that the two-factor model of the questionnaire is consistent with the data, as demonstrated by the structural equation modeling method and LISREL software. In general, the results suggested that the Persian version of the social motivation questionnaire’s psychometric properties were suitable for the Iranian population, and that this instrument could be employed in research.

Keywords

فرزین‌راد، ب.، رشیدیان، م.، شاکری جویباری، ز.، و دهقانی اشکذری، ا. (1401). بررسی روایی و پایایی نسخۀ ایرانی مقیاس ذهن‌آگاهی فیلادلفیا (PHLMS ) در مراجعان مراکز مشاوره و روان‌درمانی. مجله پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی، 13(1)، 362-345. https://doi.org/10.22059/japr.2022.319635.643768
گراوند، ه.، و قبادیان، م. (1400). ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی پرسشنامۀ اهداف و آرزوها. مجله پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی، 12(3)، 155-129. https://doi.org/10.22059/japr.2021.305101.643556
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Journal of Applied Psychological Research
Volume 17, Issue 2
July 2026
Pages 197-212
  • Receive Date: 13 March 2023
  • Revise Date: 08 September 2023
  • Accept Date: 02 October 2023
  • First Publish Date: 12 February 2025
  • Publish Date: 01 July 2026