The Effectiveness of Intervention of Life Designing Based on Career Interest Profile on Career Exploration and Planning

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Counselling, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Counselling, Safahan Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of intervention on the career exploration and planning of graduate students. This was a quantitative, quasi-experimental study that included a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all graduate students at University of Isfahan in the academic year 2022-2023. Voluntary sampling was implemented to identify thirty graduate students who were willing to participate. Afterward, they were randomly assigned to two groups of 15: the experimental group (7 girls and 8 boys) and the control group (9 girls and 6 boys). The experimental group (not the control group) received the life design intervention for seven 90-minute sessions, as determined by their career interest profile (CPI) and the control group did not receive any intervention. The career exploration subscale of the vocational identity status assessment (VISA) and the career planning scale (CPS) were employed to collect data. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software, as well as MANCOVA and ANCOVA. The results suggested that the intervention has a positive significant effect on career exploration and planning. This intervention can be employed by university counseling center counselors who are responsible for assisting numerous students who are experiencing challenges during the transition from university to the workforce.

Keywords

دست‌باز، ا.، نیلفروشان، پ.، و عابدی، م. (1403). تأثیر مشاورۀ شغلی مبتنی بر رویکرد سازه‌گرایی بر برنامه‌ریزی، تصمیم‌گیری و انطباق‌پذیری مسیر شغلی نوجوانان. فصلنامه مشاوره شغلی و سازمانی، 16(58)، 34-11. https://doi.org/10.48308/jcoc.2021.100606
زارع، ن. (1399). بررسی تأثیر مداخلۀ نیمرخ رغبت مسیر شغلی بر انطباق‌پذیری و اشتیاق مسیر شغلی دانشجویان سال آخر. پایاننامۀ کارشناسی ارشد مشاورۀ شغلی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان. https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir/#/articles/881c9f7aacc6e7c20b26f48bd32ffcee
ساویکاس، م. (1399). مشاورۀ مسیر شغلی. ترجمۀ پریسا نیلفروشان. اصفهان: انتشارات دانشگاه اصفهان.
صاحبی اصفهانی،م و نیلفروشان، پ. (1397). استخراج نیمرخ‌های انطباق‌پذیری مسیر شغلی و پیش‌بینی عضویت در آنها براساس شاخص‌های انطباق‌خواهی در دانشجویان. پژوهش‌نامه روان‌شناسی مثبت، 4(2).70-54. https://doi.org/10.22108/ppls.2018.112468.1501
فرگوسن، ج.، تاکانه، ی. (1401). تحلیل آماری در روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی. ترجمۀ علی دلاور و سیامک نقشبندی. تهران: ارسباران.
مقدس، س. (1399). استخراج پروفایل‌های اشتغال‌پذیری دانشجویان: تعیین عوامل پیش‌بین و مقایسۀ مداخلات. پایاننامۀ دکتری مشاوره، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان. https://ganj.irandoc.ac.ir/#/articles/e642bb2ba601538bd4b161ecdf80ea7b
References
Abele, A. E., & Wiese, B. S. (2008). The nomological network of self-management strategies and career success. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81(4), 733-749. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317907X256726.
Akkermans, J., Brenninkmeijer, V., Huibers, M., & Blonk, R. W. (2013). Competencies for the contemporary career: Development and preliminary validation of the Career Competencies Questionnaire. Journal of Career Development, 40(3), 245-267. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845312467501
Bal, E. A., & Arikan, S. (2020). The impact of a career development and planning course on university students’ career adaptability levels. Global Media Journal: Turkish Edition, 10(20), 414-434. Link
Blustein, D. L. (1997). A context‐rich perspective of career exploration across the life roles. The Career Development Quarterly, 45(3), 260-274. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1997.tb00470.x
Bucci, O., Creed, A., & Di Fabio, A. (2018). Career interest profile (CIP) as a Life design counseling intervention: A case study on an Italian PhD student using both FCA and LAQuA as qualitative evaluation tools. In A. Di Fabio, & J. L. Bernaud (eds). Narrative interventions in post-modern guidance and career counseling (pp 143-158). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98300-4_8
Chasanah, A. M., & Salim, R. M. A. (2019). Parental support, career exploration, and career decision-making self-efficacy in junior high school students. ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 34(4), 211-221. https://doi.org/10.24123/aipj.v34i4.2581
Cheung, R., & Jin, Q. (2015). Impact of a career exploration course on career decision making, adaptability, and relational support in Hong Kong. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 481-496. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072715599390
Dastbaz, A., Nilforooshan, P., & Abedi, M. R. (2024). The effect of career counseling based on constructivism approach on adolescent’s career planning, decision-making, and adaptability. Journal of Career & Organizational Counseling, 16(58), 11-34. https://doi.org/10.48308/jcoc.2021.100606 (In Persian)
Di Fabio, A., & Maree, J. G. (2013). Effectiveness of the career interest profile. Journal of Employment Counseling, 50(3), 110-123. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2013.00030.x
Ferguson, J. A., & Takane, Y. (1989). Statistical analysis in psychology and education. Translated by Delavar, A. & Naghshbandi, S. (Date of last Persian edition 2021). Tehran: Arasbaran. (In Persian)
Floris, M., Paganin, G., Guglielmi, D., & Mazzetti, G. (2024). Motivation is not enough: How career planning and effort regulation predict academic achievement. Current Psychology, 43, 9280-9289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05070-6
Flum, H., & Blustein, D. L. (2000). Reinvigorating the study of vocational exploration: A framework for research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56(3), 380-404. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2000.1721
Gilliam, R., & Talpade, M. (2021). An exploration of the roles, goals, and social interactions of Ghanaian women. Journal of Student Research, 10(1), 845. https://doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v10i1.845
Gould, S. (1979). Characteristics of career planners in upwardly mobile occupations. Academy of Management Journal, 22(3), 539–550. https://doi.org/10.2307/255743
Hirschi, A., Herrmann, A., & Keller, A. C. (2015). Career adaptivity, adaptability, and adapting: A conceptual and empirical investigation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 87, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.008
Ireland, G. W., & Lent, R. W. (2018). Career exploration and decision-making learning experiences: A test of the career self-management model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 106, 37-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.11.004
Jiang, Z., Newman, A., Le, H., Presbitero, A., & Zheng, C. (2019). Career exploration: A review and future research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110(Part B), 338-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.08.008
Kleine, A. K., Schmitt, A., & Keller, A. C. (2023). Career planning and self-efficacy as predictors of students’ career-related worry: Direct and mediated pathways. Journal of Career Development, 50(1), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453221078950
Lau, P. L., Chung, Y. B., & Wang, L. (2021). Effects of a career exploration intervention on students’ career maturity and self-concept. Journal of Career Development, 48(4), 311-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319853385
Lee, S. Y., Shim, T. E., & Yoo, Y. E. (2022). Perceptions of experience of online coaching for college students’ career planning. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 75, 101201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2022.101201
Maree, J. G. (2013). Counselling for career construction: Connecting life themes to construct life portraits: Turning pain into hope. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-272-3
Maree, J. G. (2015). Life themes and narratives. In P. J. Hartung, M. L. Savickas, & W. B. Walsh (Eds.), APA handbook of career intervention, Vol. 2. Applications (pp. 225–239). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/14439-017
Maree, J. G. (2019). Group career construction counseling: A mixed‐methods intervention study with high school students. The Career Development Quarterly, 67(1), 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12162
Maree, J. G. (2022). Using integrative career construction counselling to promote autobiographicity and transform tension into intention and action. Education Sciences, 12(2), 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12020072
Maree, J. G. (2024). Career construction counselling intervention to promote the sense of calling of a disadvantaged black woman. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2024.2407782
Maree, J. G., Gerryts, E. W., Fletcher, L., & Olivier, J. (2019). Using career counselling with group life design principles to improve the employability of disadvantaged young adults. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 29(2), 110-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2019.1594646.
Moghaddas, S. (2020). Extracting employability profiles of students: Determination antecedent factors and comparison of interventions. Ph.D. thesis in Counseling. Faculty of Education & Psychology. University of Isfahan. (In Persian)
Nota, L., Pace, F., & Ferrari, L. (2008). Career decision self-efficacy scale–short form: A study for the Italian adaptation. GIPO-Italian Journal of Orientation Psychology, 9(2), 23-35. https://hdl.handle.net/10447/44801.
Oyserman, D., Bybee, D., & Terry, K. (2006). Possible selves and academic outcomes: How and when possible, selves impel action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(1), 188-204. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.91.1.188
Peng, H., & Lin, W. C. (2019). Evaluation a career planning course with case-based teaching model on college students’ career decisions and learning satisfaction. International Journal of Psychological Studies, 11(4), 102-114. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v11n4p102
Pham, M., Lam, B. Q. & Bui, A. T. N. (2024). Career exploration and its influence on the relationship between self-efficacy and career choice: The moderating role of social support. Heliyon, 10(11), e31808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31808
Porfeli, E. J., Lee, B., Vondracek, F. W., & Weigold, I. K. (2011). A multi-dimensional measure of vocational identity status. Journal of Adolescence, 34(5), 853-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.02.001
Putri, S., & Salim, R. (2021). The effect of career exploration behavior and parent-child career congruence on college student career adaptability. Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling, 6(2), 90-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um001v6i22021p090-095
Ran, J., Liu, H., Yuan, Y., Yu, X., & Dong, T. (2023). Linking career exploration, self-reflection, career calling, career adaptability and subjective well-being: A self-regulation theory perspective. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 2805-2817. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S420666
Renn, R. W., Steinbauer, R., Taylor, R., & Detwiler, D. (2014). School-to-work transition: Mentor career support and student career planning, job search intentions, and self-defeating job search behavior. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 422-432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.09.004
Sadarangani, M., & Ahuja, M. R. R. A. (2014). Transition of students from student to work life. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19(7), 75–87. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-19777587.
Sahabi Isfahani, K., & Nilforooshan, P. (2018). Extracting career adaptability profiles of students and predicting their membership based on adaptivity's indicators. Positive Psychology Research. 4(2), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.22108/ppls.2018.112468.1501 (In Persian)
Savickas, M. L. (1997). Career adaptability: An integrative construct for life-span, life-space theory. The Career Development Quarterly, 45(3), 247–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1997.tb00469.x
Savickas, M. L. (2012). Life design: A paradigm for career intervention in the 21st century. Journal of Counseling & Development, 90(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-6676.2012.00002.x.
Savickas, M. L. (2013). Career construction theory and practice. In S. D. Brown, & R. W. Lent, Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (2nd ed., pp. 147-183). John Wiley & Sons. Google Scholar
Savickas, M. L. (2011). Career Counseling. translated by Parisa Nilforooshan (2020). Isfahan: University of Isfahan Publisher (In Persian).
Storme, M., & Celik, P. (2018). Career exploration and career decision-making difficulties: The moderating role of creative self-efficacy. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(3), 445-456. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717714540
Stumpf, S. A., Colarelli, S. M., & Hartman, K. (1983). Development of the career exploration survey (CES). Journal of Vocational Behavior, 22(2), 191-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(83)90028-3
Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), 282-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90056-1
Talib, J. B. A., Mohamad, Z., & Wahab, N. A. (2015). Effects of career exploration module on career planning, career self-efficacy and career maturity among community college students. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(6 S1), 464-469. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s1p464
Teychenne, M., Parker, K., Teychenne, D., Sahlqvist, S., Macfarlane, S., & Costigan, S. (2019). A pre-post evaluation of an online career planning module on university students' career adaptability. Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 10(1), 42-55. https://doi.org/10.21153/jtlge2019vol10no1art781
Waddell, J., Spalding, K., Canizares, G., Navarro, J., ... & Victor, C. (2015). Integrating a career planning and development program into the baccalaureate nursing curriculum: Part I. Impact on students’ career resilience. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 12(1), 163-173. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2014-0035
Wei, Y. C. (2022). Effects of career course assignment design on undergraduates’ career self-efficacy and exploration. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 45(1), 100-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791.2022.2074372
Zhang, N., & Wu, C. (2024). Application of deep learning in career planning and entrepreneurship of college students. Journal of Computational Methods in Science and Engineering, 24(4-5), 2927-2942. https://doi.org/10.3233/JCM-247531
Zare, N. (2021). The effectiveness of career interest profile intervention on career adaptability and career engagement of final year students. Master's thesis in Career Counseling, Faculty of Education & Psychology. University of Isfahan. (In Persian).
Volume 16, Issue 3
October 2025
Pages 181-195
  • Receive Date: 19 December 2024
  • Revise Date: 28 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 09 March 2025
  • First Publish Date: 20 July 2025
  • Publish Date: 23 September 2025