Construction and Validation of  a Teaching gratification Scale (TGS) for Elementary Teachers Based on Positive Psychology

Salimian, Saiedh; Barzegar Bafrooei,, Kazem; Zandavian, Ahmad; Khaleghinezhad, Seyed Ali

doi:10.22059/japr.2025.374959.644905

Construction and Validation of a Teaching gratification Scale (TGS) for Elementary Teachers Based on Positive Psychology

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Saiedh salimian

Kazem Barzegar Bafrooei,

Ahmad Zandavian

Seyed Ali Khaleghinezhad

Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd. Iran.

10.22059/japr.2025.374959.644905

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to development and validate the teaching gratification scale (TGS) among primary school teachers. The current research was a descriptive-correlational design. The research population included 5,350 primary school teachers in Yazd city during the academic year 2018-2019. Out of this population, 400 teachers were selected through random cluster sampling to participate in the study. The analysis of the initial 115 items of the TGS by 10 experts, and then the investigation through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and first-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), showed that 25 items and 5 factors including humanity, temperance, transcendence, wisdom and knowledge, justice, and had acceptable psychometric characteristics. The convergent and divergent validity of the teaching gratification was also established through a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.47, p < 0.001) with the teaching efficacy, and a negative and significant correlation (r= - 0.32, p < 0.001) with the the depression, anxiety, and stress. Also, the reliability of the TGS was verified using both Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability coefficient. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive understanding of TGS among primary teachers, and improving the quality of education and the mental health of teachers.

Keywords

Elementary Teachers

Factor Analysis

Positive Psychology

Teaching Gratification