Developing a Parenting Training Package Based on the Dominant Early Maladaptive Schemas in Adolescents and Examining Its Effectiveness on Parent-Child Interaction.

Hassan, Milad; Kochak Entezar, Roya; Golshani, Fatemeh; Tarverdizadeh, Hajar

doi:10.22059/japr.2026.408966.645469

Developing a Parenting Training Package Based on the Dominant Early Maladaptive Schemas in Adolescents and Examining Its Effectiveness on Parent-Child Interaction.

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Milad Hassan ¹

Roya Kochak Entezar ²

Fatemeh Golshani ¹

Hajar Tarverdizadeh ¹

¹ Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, C.T.c, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, C.T.c, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22059/japr.2026.408966.645469

Abstract

The present study was conducted to developing a parenting training package based on the dominant early maladaptive schemas in adolescents and examining its effectiveness on parent-child interaction. The research method of the present study was analysis thematic through comparative method in the qualitative part and quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group design and two-month follow-up period in the quantitative part. The statistical population of the qualitative section included adolescents who had at least one of the early maladaptive schemas. The quantitative part included adolescents and their parents in the 5th education district of Tehran in the academic year 2024-2025. 36 adolescents were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned equally to experimental and control groups. Parents of adolescents in the experimental group received a parenting training package. In this study, the Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (EMSQ) and the Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (PCRQ) were used.The results showed that the four schemas of distrust, rigid standards, emotional detachment, and emotional inhibition were the most prevalent in adolescents, and the parenting training package was developed around these schemas. The results also showed that the developed parenting training package had sufficient content validity and had a significant effect on parent-child interaction (P<0.0001; Eta=0.64; F=60.83).

Keywords

Adolescents

Early Maladaptive Schemas

Parenting Training Package

Parents' Parenting

Parent-Child Interaction