Factor Structure and Gender Invariance of Work Hope Scale Scale

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc in career counseling, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the validity and‌reliability of Work Hope‌scale (Juntunen and Wetterston,2006) among the university‌students. The sample of the study consisted of 292students (188female and 104male) who were selected through proportional stratified sampling ‌method. The Work‌Hope‌Scale and the General Self-Efficacy‌Questionnaire were used for gathering the data. In order to evaluate the validity,‌one-group and multi-group‌ confirmatory factor‌analysis and convergent validity were used. The reliability of this scale was estimated using the internal consistency‌method. The‌results of one-group confirmatory‌factor‌analysis confirmed of the measurement model in which the work‌hope was consider as a second-order factor, and goals, agency and pathway were considered as first-order‌factors. Multi-group comparisons across gender showed that there is n‌o‌significant differences between two‌groups in terms of measurement weights, structural covariance, and measurement residuals.‌A significant correlation between the work hope and the general self-efficacy was obtained (r = .47, p < .01). Also the Cronbach's‌‌alpha coefficient was estimated 0.90 for the whole scale and 0.71, 0.81, and 0.74 for goals, agency, and pathway‌subscales respectively. The findings of the measurement invariance tests revealed that the female an‌d‌male individuals have the same conceptual framework for understanding the work‌‌‌‌hope constructs and this scale can be applicable for both gender‌groups.

Keywords

Journal of Applied Psychological Research

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 23 January 2024

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