Efficacy of Positivist Parenting Method Training on Disruptive, Destructive and Self-Control Behaviors in Fifth-Grade Primary School Female Students

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, science and research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate efficacy of positivist parenting method training on disruptive, destructive, and self-control behaviors among female students in fifth-grade primary school. It was quasi-experimental study with control group design, pretest, posttest, and control group. Additionally, a two-month follow-up period was implemented. The statistical population of the research consisted of fifth-grade primary school female students with disruptive and destructive behavior and their parents in Tehran during the academic year 2021-22. Twenty-seven students exhibiting disruptive and detrimental behavior were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups,with 14 students in the experimental group and 13 in the control group, using the purposive sampling method. Over the course of two and a half months, the experimental group was subjected to ten ninety-minute sessions of positivist parenting method training. The applied questionnaires in this study included children’s disruptive behaviors (Pelham et.al., 1992) and Children's Self-Control Questionnaire (Kendal & Wilcox, 1979). The SPSS23 software was used to analyze the data from the study using mixed ANOVA. The results showed that the training in the positivist parenting method has a substantial impact on the self-control and disruptive and destructive behavior of female pupils in the fifth grade of primary school (p<0.001). It is possible to conclude that positivist parenting method training can be implemented as an appropriate approach to reduce disruptive and destructive behavior and enhance self-control in female students by implementing conventional parenting techniques and appropriate communication principles, as the results of the study indicate.

Keywords


اصلی آزاد، م.، عارفی، م.، فرهادی، ط.، و شیخ محمدی، ر. (1391). اثربخشی بازی‌درمانی کودک‌محور بر اضطراب و افسردگی کودکان دختر دارای اختلال اضطراب و افسردگی در دورۀ دبستان. روش‌ها و مدل‌های روان‌شناختی. ­3(9)، 90-71. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22285516.1391.3.9.5.9
باعزت، ف.، و احمدی قوزلوجه، ا. (1394). ساختار عاملی و ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس درجه‌بندی اختلال‌های رفتار مخرب ـ نسخۀ والدین. فصلنامۀ سلامت روان کودک. ۲(3)، ۸۳-۷۳. http://childmentalhealth.ir/article-1-59-fa.html
جولائیها، ن.، جان‌بزرگی، م.، علی‌پور، ا.، و پسندیده، ع. (1400). مقایسۀ میزان اثربخشی فرزندپروری چندبعدی معنوی خداسو و فرزندپروری مثبت بر حرمت خود، خودکارآمدی و خودمهارگری کودکان دارای والدین پراسترس. تحقیقات علوم رفتاری. 19(2)، 292-276. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17352029.1400.19.2.8.7
حاتمی‌فر، خ.، زارع، ح.، و شهریاری احمدی، م. (1399). مقایسۀ اثربخشی آموزش والدگری مثبت و مدیریت والدین بر بهبود رابطۀ والد-کودک. سلامت روان کودک. 7(3)، 39-25.  http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.24233552.1399.7.3.18.4
حاج خدادادی، د.، اعتمادی، ع.، عابدی، م.، و جزایری، ر. (1400). اثربخشی برنامۀ فرزندپروری مثبت بر والدگری مؤثر و کیفیت رابطۀ والد-فرزندی در مادران دارای نوجوان. مجلۀ علوم روان‌شناختی. 20(98)، 197-185.  http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17357462.1400.20.98.2.1
خدابخشی کولایی، آ.، شاهی، ع.، نویدیان، ع.، و مصلی‌زاده، ل. (1394). اثربخشی آموزش برنامۀ والدگری مثبت به مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص‌توجه و بیش‌فعالی در کاهش مشکلات برونی‌سازی شدۀ کودک. مجلۀ اصول بهداشت روانی. 17(3)، 141-135. https://doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2015.4312
رضایی، ف.، غضنفری، ف.، و رضائیان، م. (1396). اثربخشی آموزش گروهی والدگری مثبت بر استرس و خودکارآمدی والدگری مادران و مشکلات رفتاری دانش‌آموزان کم‌توان ذهنی. مجلۀ دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تربت‌حیدریه. 5(1)، 16-7. http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-403-fa.html
شیخی ولاشانی، ز.، و جوادزاده شهشهانی، ف. (1399). اثربخشی برنامۀ فرزندپروری مثبت بر کم‌توجهی و بیش‌فعالی- تکانشگری کودکان مبتلا به اختلال کم‌توجهی و بیش‌فعالی. توانمندسازی کودکان استثنایی. 11(4)، 36-25. https://doi.org/10.22034/ceciranj.2020.222232.1353
قدم‌پور، ع.، رحیمی‌پور، ط.، و زنگی‌آبادی، م. (1395). تأثیر آموزش برنامۀ تربیت سازنده به مادران، بر مهارت‌های خودکنترلی کودکان با اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی در دورۀ دبستان. دانش و پژوهش در روان‌شناسی کاربردی. 17(3)، 117-109. https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/jsrp/Article/891457
کریم‌زاده، م.، خدابخشی کولایی، آ.، داوودی، ح.، و حیدری، ح. (1400). اثربخشی برنامۀ والدگری مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا بر خودکارآمدی، ناگویی هیجانی و بار روانی مادران کودکان با مشکلات رفتاری. پرستاری کودکان. 7(3)، 11-1.  http://jpen.ir/article-1-534-fa.html
یغمایی، س.، ملک‌پور، م.، و قمرانی، ا. (1398). میزان اثربخشی آموزش والدینی بارکلی بر خودکنترلی کودکان دارای اختلال کم‌توجهی بیش‌فعالی. نشریۀ توانمندسازی کودکان استثنایی. 10(1)، 27-15. https://doi.org/10.22034/ceciranj.2019.91927
Referencess
Asli Azad, M., Arefi, M., Farhadi, T., & Sheikhmohammadi, R. (2013). The effectiveness of child-centered play therapy on anxiety and depression in children Girl with anxiety disorder and depression in primary school. Psychological Models and Methods, 3(9), 71-90. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22285516.1391.3.9.5.9 (In Persian)
Augimeri, L. K., Walsh, M., Donato, A., Blackman, A., & Piquero, A. R. (2018). Helping children improve their self-control and externalizing behavior problems. Journal of Criminal Justice, 56, 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2017.08.010
Baezzat, F., & Ahmadi Ghozloje, A. (2015). Factorial structure and psychometric properties of the disruptive behavior disorders rating scale – parent form. Journal of Child Mental Health, 2(3), 73-83. http://childmentalhealth.ir/article-1-59-en.htm (In Persian)
Cassiello-Robbins, C., Wilner, J. G., Peters, J. R., Bentley, K. H., & Sauer-Zavala, S. (2019). Elucidating the relationships between shame, anger, and self-destructive behaviors: The role of aversive responses to emotions. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 12, 7-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.12.004
Coyne, M. A., & Wright, J. P. (2014). The stability of self-control across childhood. Personality and Individual Differences, 69, 144–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.05.026
Cumming, M. M., Poling, D. V., Patwardhan, I., & Ozenbaugh, I. C. (2022). Executive function in kindergarten and development of behavioral competence: The moderating role of positive parenting practices. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 60, 161-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2022.01.008
DabiriyanTehrani, H., & Yamini, S. (2020). Dataset of parenting practices, self-control and anti-social behaviors: Meta-analytic structural equation modeling. Data in Brief, 32, 106114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.106114
Domoff, S. E., & Niec, L. N. (2018). Parent-child interaction therapy as a prevention model for childhood obesity: A novel application for high-risk families. Children and Youth Services Review, 91, 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.024
Erdogan, A., Uneri, O. S., Ipek, H., Mutlu, C., Kilicoglu, A. G., Gunes, H., Tanidir,C., & Copur, M. (2013). Risperidone use in preschool children with destructive behavior problems. Neuropsychiatrie de l'Enfance et de l'Adolescence, 60(5), S153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurenf.2012.04.175
Erford, B. T. (1998). Technical Analysis of Father Responses to the Disruptive Behavior Rating Scale—Parent Version (DBRS-P). Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development30(4), 199–210. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.1998.12068942
Forzano, L. B., Sorama, M., O’Keefe, M., Pizzonia, K., Howard, T., & Dukic, N. (2021). Impulsivity and self-control in elementary school children and adult females: Using identical task and procedural parameters. Behavioural Processes, 188, 104411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104411
Ghadampour, E., Rahimipour, T., & Zangiabadi, M. (2017). The effect of teaching positive parenting program to mothers on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in primary school. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 17(3), 109-117. https://sanad.iau.ir/en/Journal/jsrp/Article/891457 (In Persian)
Hajkhodadadi, D., Etemadi, O., Abedi, M. R., & Jazayeri, R. S. (2021). The effectiveness of triple-p (positive parenting program) on effective parenting and quality of child-parent relationship in mothers with adolescents. Journal of Psychological Science20(98), 185-198.
http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-805-en.html (In Persian)
Hatamifar, K., Zare, H., & Shahryari Ahmadi, M. (2020). Comparison of the effectiveness of positive parenting program and parental management training on the improvement of parent-child relationship. Journal of Child Mental Health, 7(3), 25-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/jcmh.7.3.4 (In Persian)
Jiang, S., Jiang, C., Ren, Q., & Wang, L. (2021). Cyber victimization and psychological well-being among Chinese adolescents: Mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction and moderating role of positive parenting. Children and Youth Services Review, 130, 106248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106248
Julaieha, N., Janbozorgi, M., Alipour, A., & Pasandideh, A. (2021). Comparison of the effectiveness of GOD oriented multidimensional spiritual parenting and positive parenting program on self-esteem, self-efficacy and self-control of children with stressed parents. Journal of Research Behavioral Sciences, 19(2), 276-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/rbs.19.2.276 (In Persian)
Karimzadeh, M., Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, A., Davoodi, H., & Heidari H. (2021). The effectiveness of a parenting program based on positive psychology on self-efficacy، emotional distress، and psychological burden on mothers of children with behavioral problems. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 7(3), 1-11
http://jpen.ir/article-1-534-en.html (In Persian)
Kendall, P. C., & Wilcox, L. E. (1979). Self-control in children: Development of a rating scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47(6), 1020-1029. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.47.6.1020
Kennedy, S. C., Kim, J. S., Tripodi, S. J., Brown, S. M., & Gowdy, G. (2016). Does parent–child interaction therapy reduce future physical abuse? A meta-analysis. Research on Social Work Practice, 26(2), 147-156. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731514543024
Keute, M., Krauel, K., Heinze, H., & Stenner, M. (2018). Intact automatic motor inhibition in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Cortex, 109, 215-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2018.09.018
Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, A., Shahi, A., Navidian, A., & Mosalanejad, L. (2015). The effect of positive parenting program training in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity on reducing children’s externalizing behavior problems. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health17(3), 135-141. https://doi.org/10.22038/jfmh.2015.4312 (In Persian)
Layton, R.L., & Muraven, M. (2014). Self-control linked with restricted emotional extremes. The Journal of Personality and Individual Differences, 58(4), 48-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.10.004
Loona, M. I., & Kamal, A. (2012). Translation and adaptation of disruptive behavior disorder rating scale. Pakistan Journal of Psychology Research, 3(22), 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/t42647-000
Ludmer, J.A., Salsbury, D., Suarez, J., & Andrade, B. F. (2017). Accounting for the impact of parent internalizing symptoms on Parent Training benefits: The role of positive parenting. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 97, 252-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.012
Murray, L. K. (2002). Self-control training in young children. Ph.D Dissertation, Department of Psychology, Faculty of the Graduate College, Western Michigan University. [Link]
Pelham, W. E., Gnagy, E. M., Greenslade, K. E., & Milich, R. (1992). Teacher ratings of DSM-III-R symptoms for the disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of the American Academic Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(2), 210–218. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004583-199203000-00006
Petty, J. L., Bacarese-Hamilton, M., Davies, L. E., & Oliver, C. (2014). Correlates of self-injurious, aggressive and destructive behaviour in children under five who are at risk of developmental delay. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.10.019
Rezaei, F., Ghazanfari, F., & Rezaeean, M. (2017). The effectiveness of positive parenting program (triple-p) in parental stress and self efficacy of mothers and behavioral problems of students with educable mental retardation. Journal of Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, 5(1), 7-16.
http://jms.thums.ac.ir/article-1-403-en.html (In Persian)
Shan, W., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, Y., Cheung, E. F. C., Chan, R. C. K., & Jiang, F. (2019). Association between Maltreatment, Positive Parent–Child Interaction, and Psychosocial Well-Being in Young Children. The Journal of Pediatrics, 213, 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.06.050
Sheikhi Velashani, Z., & Javadzadeh Shahshahani, F. (2020). Effectiveness of positive parenting program on attention deficiency and hyperactivity-impulsivity of children with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder. Empowering Exceptional Children11(4), 25-36. https://doi.org/10.22034/ceciranj.2020.222232.1353 (In Persian)
Svendsen, S., Griffin, J., & Forkey, H. (2020). Using the Attachment Relationship and Positive Parenting Principles to Build Childhood Resilience. Advances in Pediatrics, 67, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2020.04.004
Turner, K. T., Mrkie-Dadds, C., & Sanders, M. R. (2002). Facilitator’s manual group Triple P (ed. II Revised). Milton: Triple P International Pty. Ltd. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1130000797073531776
Wallace, N. M., Quetsch, L. B., Robinson, C., McCoy, K., & McNeil, C. B. (2018). Infusing parent-child interaction therapy principles into community-based wraparound services: An evaluation of feasibility, child behavior problems, and staff sense of competence. Children and Youth Services Review, 88, 567–581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.04.007
Widyawati, Y., Scholte, R. H., Kleemans, T., & Otten, R. (2021). Positive parenting and its mediating role in the relationship between parental resilience and quality of life in children with developmental disabilities in Java Island, Indonesia. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 112, 103911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.103911
Xu, Y., Zhou, Y., Zhao, J., Xuan, Z., Li, W., Han, L., & Liu, H. (2021). The relationship between shyness and aggression in late childhood: The multiple mediation effects of parent-child conflict and self-control. Personality and Individual Differences, 182, 111058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111058
Yaghmaei, S., Malekpour, M., & Ghamarani, A. (2019). Effectiveness of Barkley’s parental training on self-control of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Empowering Exceptional Children10(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.22034/ceciranj.2019.91927 (In Persian)
Yamaoka, Y., & Bard, D. E. (2019). Positive Parenting Matters in the Face of Early Adversity. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 56(4), 530-539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2018.11.018
Zhang, R., Qiu, Z., Li, Y., Liu, L., & Zhi, S. (2020). Teacher support, peer support, and externalizing problems among left-behind children in rural China: Sequential mediation by self-esteem and self-control. Children and Youth Services Review, 121, 1058-1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105824
Zhu, H., Luo, X., Cai, T., Li, Z., & Liu, W. (2014). Self-control and parental control mediate the relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating among adolescents. Appetite, 82(1), 202-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.106
Volume 15, Issue 2
2024
Pages 337-352
  • Receive Date: 08 June 2022
  • Revise Date: 24 June 2022
  • Accept Date: 14 August 2022
  • First Publish Date: 21 June 2024
  • Publish Date: 21 June 2024