فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی

تأثیر تمرینات کارکردی بر عملکرد شناختی (حافظۀ کاری) و مؤلفه‌های سلامت روان مردان سالمند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکدۀ علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر یک دوره تمرین کارکردی بر عملکرد شناختی و سلامت روان مردان سالمند انجام شد. پژوهش به‌لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده‌ها نیمه‌آزمایشی بود. جامعۀ آماری شامل مردان بالای 60 سال در شهر تهران بود که از بین آن‌ها به‌صورت هدفمند و در دسترس، 30 نفر به‌عنوان نمونۀ نهایی انتخاب شدند و به شکل تصادفی در دو گروه تجربی (15 نفر) و کنترل (15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. برای ارزیابی نمونه‌ها از پرسشنامۀ آمادگی فعالیت بدنی (PARQ)، آزمون مختصر وضعیت روانی-شناختی (MMSE)، پرسشنامۀ سلامت عمومی (GHQ) و آزمون حافظۀ کاری (WMS) استفاده شد. در فرایند اجرای تحقیق، گروه تجربی به مدت شش هفته (سه جلسه در هفته) پروتکل تمرینی مربوطه را اجرا کردند. در پایان جلسات تمرین، از هردو گروه تجربی و کنترل پس‌آزمون اخذ شد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی، آزمون t مستقل و وابسته با نرم‌افزار SPSS-23 استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد تمرینات کارکردی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر عملکرد شناختی (001/0P=) و مؤلفه‌های سلامت روان (05/0>P) گروه تجربی دارد، اما در گروه کنترل تغییرات معنی‌دار نبود. همچنین نتایج آزمون t مستقل بیانگر تفاوت معنی‌داری بین میانگین نمرات سلامت عمومی روان گروه کنترل و تجربی پس از مداخلۀ تمرینی بود (05/0P<). با توجه به یافته‌ها، تمرینات کارکردی بر عملکرد شناختی و سلامت عمومی روان سالمندان تأثیر مثبتی دارد و به‌کارگیری این تمرینات در روند کار با سالمندان و مداخلات حرکتی آنان مهم و حائز اهمیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Functional Training on Cognitive Functions (Working Memory) and Mental Health Components in Healthy Elderly Men

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshid Tahmasbi 1
  • Sayed Kavos Salehi 2
  • Sima Sina 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The objective of this study was to examine the impact of functional training on the cognitive abilities and psychological aspects of elderly men. This applied, quasi-experimental study involved 30 elderly individuals (aged over 60 years) in Tehran. Using purposive and convenience sampling methods, 30 elderly participants were selected and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=15) or the control group (n=15). The respondents were evaluated using the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PARQ), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Working Memory Test (WMS). The experimental group completed the relevant exercise protocol over a period of 6 weeks, consisting of 3 sessions of 45 minutes per week. Subsequently, both groups completed a post-test, which included a working memory test and assessment of mental health components. Data were analyzed employing descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, and paired samples t-test within SPSS-23. The results demonstrated that functional training exerted a significant impact on cognitive function (P=0.001) and mental health components (P<0.05) within the experimental group, whereas no significant effects were observed in the control group. Additionally, an independent t-test revealed a significant difference in the mean scores of general mental health between the experimental and control groups following the intervention (P<0.05). Based on these findings, functional training positively influences cognitive function and overall mental health in older adults, and emphasizing these exercises in interventions for the elderly is essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive Function
  • Elderly
  • Functional Training
  • General Health
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فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی
دوره 16، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 169-185
  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 14 شهریور 1402
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 25 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1404