نقش هورمون اکسی توسین بر شکل گیری دلبستگی مادر و شیرخوار: مطالعه مروری نظام مند

نویسندگان

1 گروه آموزشی روانشناسی سلامت، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران

2 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی

3 استادیار ، گروه روانشناسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

طی دو دهه اخیر مطالعات زیست ­شناختی به ­ویژه در خصوص نقش هورمون­ ها در حوزه نظریه دلبستگی بالبی، اهمیت جدی پیدا کرده است. هدف این مطالعه، پاسخ به این سوال بود که آیا نقش هورمون اکسی ­توسین به فرایند تولد محدود می ­شود یا در رابطه بلندمدت شیرخوار با مراقب نیز اثرگذار است؟. مطالعه گسترده پیرامون این موضوع نشان می ­دهد ترشح هرمون اکسی­ توسین نه تنها به تسهیل روند زایمان می ­انجامد، بلکه در تمام تعاملات و دلبستگی مادر- کودک نیز نقش تسهیل ­کننده­ دوجانبه دارد. برای یافتن ارتباط میان اکسی توسین و دلبستگی، پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی Pubmed، Medlib،Cochrane library ، SID،  Iran Doc (۲۰۰۰ تا ۲۰۱۶) مطالعه شدند. از میان مقالات مطالعه شده، آنهایی که ارتباط اکسی­ توسین با ویژگی ­هایی غیر از دلبستگی را بررسی کرده بودند، حذف، و تعداد ۱۱۵ مقاله بررسی شد. این مطالعات نشان دادند ارتباطی قوی بین سطح اکسی ­توسین والدین و نوزاد و رفتارهای دلبستگی وجود دارد.مطالعات نشان می ­دهند فرایند بارداری، زایمان و ارتباط مادر با نوزاد باعث افزایش سطح اکسی ­توسین مادر و نوزاد، در نتیجه بهبود رفتار مادرانه و نهایتاً شکل­ گیری پایه­ های دلبستگی می­ شود. البته برای نتیجه ­گیری قطعی در این زمینه نیاز به نمونه ­گیری ­هایی با حجم بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Oxytocin in formation of Infant-mother Attachment: a systematic review

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza rostami 1
  • Atefeh Zabihi 2
  • Narjes Hosseinzadeh bahreini 2
  • Fateme Dehghani-Arani 3
1 Department of Health Psychology, faculty of psychology and Educational Science, University of Tehran
2
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Context: It is over two decades that bio-cognitive studies in the field of Bowlby’s attachment theory became very important. Currently, the researchers emphasize on the role of oxytocin in the formation of attachment and caring behaviors.a Evidence acquisition: To study the relationship between oxytocin and attachment, related articles were studied in the Pubmed, Medlib, Cochrane library, SID and Iran Doc Informationa databases (2000 to 2016). The articles assessing the relationship of oxytocin with non-attachment features have been excluded among the studied articles. A total of 115 articles were studied. Results: The relationship between attachment and oxytocin is highly confirmed in all these investigations, regarding the variety of methodology in the collected studies and obtaining the confirming studies. Conclusion: Studies show that the process of pregnancy, childbirth and the mother’s relationship with the baby increases the mother’s oxytocin level and thus the improvement of maternal behavior. The consequence of enhancing the care quality is an increase in the oxytocin level in the brain of the baby. As a result, oxytocin plays a critical role in the improvement of maternal care and mother-infant attachment status.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • attachment
  • oxytocin
  • maternal behavior
  • mother- newborn communication
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دوره 8، شماره 3
آبان 1396
صفحه 107-120
  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 26 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آبان 1396