ارتباط سطح فعالیت بدنی با سواد بدنی در کودکان اقوام ایرانی: یک مطالعۀ میان‌فرهنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم‌آباد، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه رشد حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار رشد حرکتی، دانشکدۀ تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

5 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکدۀ تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف مطالعۀ حاضر، بررسی ارتباط بین سطح فعالیت بدنی با سواد بدنی کودکان اقوام ایرانی در یک مطالعۀ میان‌فرهنگی بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی-همبستگی بود. جامعۀ مورد مطالعه، دانش‌آموزان مدارس ابتدایی ایران در سال 1400 بودند که 270 نفر با دامنۀ سنی 8 تا 12 (135 پسر و 135 دختر) از مراکز استان‌های خوزستان، لرستان، کردستان، تهران، آذربایجان شرقی و سیستان و بلوچستان به روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای در این پژوهش شرکت کردند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از آزمون سواد بدنی کانادایی-2 و پرسشنامۀ بین‌المللی فعالیت بدنی کودک و نوجوان استفاده شد. همچنین تحلیل داده‌ها با آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل واریانس دوطرفۀ چندمتغیره با نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخۀ 23 انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد بین سطح سواد بدنی و فعالیت بدنی ارتباط مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود دارد (001/0 =P). بررسی موقعیت جغرافیایی نتایج مشخص کرد سطح فعالیت بدنی و سواد بدنی شرکت‌کنندگان ساکن در خرم‌آباد، سنندج و زاهدان به‌طور معناداری بالاتر از شرکت‌کنندگان ساکن در تهران، اهواز و تبریز بود (001/0 =P). در بررسی مکان زندگی، نتایج نشان‌دهندۀ سطح بالاتر فعالیت بدنی و سواد بدنی کودکان ساکن در روستا بود. از لحاظ جنسیتی پسران در سواد بدنی (001/0 =P) و فعالیت بدنی (001/0 =P) عملکرد بهتری داشتند. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش، به‌نظر می‌رسد عوامل اجتماعی-فرهنگی، موقعیت جغرافیایی، مکان زندگی و جنسیت اثرات متفاوتی بر سواد بدنی کودکان دارند؛ بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود در برنامه‌های تربیت‌بدنی از برنامه‌ریزی غیرمتمرکز و متناسب با محیط بوم‌شناختی استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between Physical Activity Level and Physical Literacy in Iranian Ethnic Children: A Cross-Cultural Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Mohammadi 1
  • Sheikh Mahmoud 2
  • Davood Hoomanian 3
  • Hasan Gharayagh Zandi 4
  • Mehrzad Hamidi 5
1 Department of Physical Education and Sports Science , Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran.
2 Department of Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 Department of Sports Psychology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
5 Department of Sports Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this cross-cultural study was to investigate the relationship between the level of physical activity and physical literacy among Iranian children. Descriptive-correlation was implemented in the current investigation. The study population consisted of 270 students from the centers of Khuzestan, Lorestan, Kurdistan, Tehran, East Azarbaijan, and Sistan and Baluchestan provinces in 2021, with an age range of 8 to 12 years (135 males, 135 girls). Using the cluster sampling method, they participated in this investigation. Data was collected using the Canadian Physical Literacy Test-2 and the International Child and Adolescent Physical Activity Questionnaire. Additionally, SPSS version 23 software was employed to conduct Pearson’s correlation coefficient test and two-way multivariate analysis of variance for data analysis. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between physical literacy and physical activity (P=0.001). The results of the geographical regions analysis indicated that the participants residing in Khorramabad, Sanandaj, and Zahedan exhibited significantly higher levels of physical activity and physical literacy than those residing in Tehran, Ahvaz, and Tabriz (P=0.001). The results of the study on the place of residence indicated that the children residing in the village exhibited a higher level of physical activity and physical literacy. Physical literacy (p=0.001) and physical activity (p=0.001) were significantly improved by gender. Based on the research findings, it seems that the physical literacy of children is influenced by a variety of factors, including gender, geographical regions, place of residence, and socio-cultural aspects. This is why it is advised that physical education programs implement decentralized planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ethnicity
  • Geographical Regions
  • Living Place
  • Physical Activity
  • Physical Literacy

مراجع

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فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی
دوره 15، شماره 4
دی 1403
صفحه 109-128

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 شهریور 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 مهر 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 04 مهر 1402
  • تاریخ انتشار: 10 دی 1403

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