ساخت و رواسازی آزمون تفکر انتقادی: کاربرد نظریه سؤال-پاسخ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری سنجش آموزش دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیئت علمی جامعه المصطفی العالمیه

3 استادیار دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف ساخت و رواسازی آزمون تفکر انتقادی با استفاده از نظریه سؤال ـ پاسخ انجام گرفت. بدین‌منظور از بین دانشجویان دانشگاه‌های قم و شیخ مفید، یک نمونه به اندازه (478=n) انتخاب، و پرسشنامه موردنظر با همکاری آن­ها اجرا شد. از بین مدل‌های مختلف در نظریه سوال ـ پاسخ، مدل سه پارامتری مناسب تشخیص داده ‌شد. داده‌ها با کاربرد مدل لوجستیک سه ‌پارامتری تحلیل ‌شد. به‌منظور بررسی مفروضه‌های این نظریه (تک‌بعدی بودن و استقلال موضعی) از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی وجود یک عامل غالب و استقلال موضعی سؤالات را تائید کرد. به‌منظور بررسی مناسب بودن سؤالات از تابع آگاهی سؤالات استفاده شد. بررسی توابع آگاهی سؤالات نشان داد برخی از سؤالات دارای آگاهی بسیار کمی بوده و یا تابع آگاهی در طول بازه توانایی گسترده نشده است. پس از حذف سؤالات نامناسب، پارامترهای سؤالات باقی‌مانده دوباره برآورد شد. برآوردهای جدید نشان داد دامنه ضریب تشخیص بین 113/0 تا 899/1 و ضریب دشواری بین 990/0- تا 780/2 است. همچنین ضریب حدس نیز در دامنه بین 000/0 تا 790/0 قرار دارد. به­طور کلی، می‌توان گفت پرسشنامه تفکر انتقادی با 7 مؤلفه و 29 سوال، دارای ویژگی‌های مطلوب برای سنجش سازه مذکور می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Construction and Validation of a Test for Measuring Critical Thinking of Students: Using Item-Response Theory (IRT)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Taghian 1 2
  • Ali Moghadamzadeh 3
  • Keyvan Salehi 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to build and validate the Critical Thinking Scale using item-response theory. For this purpose, a sample size (n=7478) was selected from Qom and Sheikh Mofid university students and the questionnaire was implemented with their cooperation. Three-parameter model was detected more suitable among various IRT models. Data was analyzed through three-parameter logistic model. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to evaluate the theory’s assumptions (one-dimensional and local independence). Factor analysis’s results confirmed the existence of a dominant factor and local independence. Item Information Function was used to evaluate the propriety of questions. Item Information Function examination showed that some of questions had very little information or the information function was not distributed over ability range. The rest of the item parameters were estimated again after removing inappropriate items. New estimations showed that the range of Discriminant Coefficient was .133 to 1.899 and difficulty coefficient -.990 to 2.780. In addition, coefficient conjecture was .0 to .0790. Eventually, the results showed that the Critical Thinking Scale with 7 components and 29 items has desirable properties to measure the structure.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • critical thinking
  • test
  • item-response theory (IRT)
  • three-parameter logistic model
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دوره 7، شماره 4
بهمن 1395
صفحه 219-231
  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 مهر 1395
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 بهمن 1395