فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی

قابلیت تبیین زبان در نظریه ذهن کودکان با اختلال طیف اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار گروه روان شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی

3 استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

چکیده

توانایی نسبت دادن ادراکات ذهنی ­ای همچون باور، نیت، میل، وانمود کردن، دانش و از این قبیل به خود و دیگران و فهم این موضوع که ادراکات ذهنی‌ دیگران می­ تواند با  ادراکات ما و حتی با واقعیت متفاوت باشد، نظریه ذهن نامیده می‌شود. با توجه به ناتوانی شدید کودکان اتیستیک در رشد مهارت‌های ارتباطی، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی این فرضیه مطرح شد که آیا بین نظریه ذهن و زبان در این کودکان ارتباطی وجود دارد و اگر چنین ارتباطی وجود دارد، کدام یک از مؤلفه‌های زبانی قابلیت تبیین توانمندی در نظریه ذهن را دارند. به این منظور، 110 کودک اتیستیک 4 الی 16 ساله با استفاده از نسخه فارسی آزمون رشد زبان (حسن­ زاده و مینایی، 1380) و تکالیف باور کاذب (ویمر و ورنر، 1983) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج به‌دست ‌آمده  نشان دادند که بین توانمندی در درک دستوری، واژگان تصویری و واژگان شفاهی با توانایی در نظریه ذهن ارتباط وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Language as an Explanatory Factor for Theory of Mind in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kiana Taghikhan 1
  • Saeid Hassanzadeh 2
  • Soheila Khodaverdian 3

1

2

3

چکیده [English]

Theory of mind is the ability to attribute mental states—belief, intent, desire, pretending, knowledge, etc.—to oneself and others and to understand that others have mental states that are different from one's own and also reality. Regarding the considerable impairment of communication abilities in children with autism, the present study addresses the relationship between Theory of Mind and language, as well as those components of language that explain the abilities involved in ToM, in these children. The subjects comprised 110 children with autism, aged 4 to 16, who were evaluated using the Persian version of The Test of Language Development (Hassanzadeh & Minaei, 2002) and False Belief Tasks (Wimmer& Perner, 1983). The results of analysis of  data revealed significant impact of subtests of grammatical understanding, picture vocabulary and oral vocabulary on the Theory of Mind in autistic children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • autism
  • theory of mind
  • Language Development
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فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی
دوره 8، شماره 2
شهریور 1396
صفحه 69-77
  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 10 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 10 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 شهریور 1396