پیامدهای روانی – اجتماعی برای زنان متأهل مبتلاء به HIV/AIDS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روانشناسی تربیتی و مشاوره. دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روانشناسی و مشاوره. دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر شناسایی تجربه زندگی زنان متأهل مبتلا به HIV بود. بدین منظور با استفاده از روش نمونه ‌گیری ترکیبی هدفمند که تلفیقی از چند روش نمونه ‌گیری معیاری (متأهلین مبتلا) و سهمیه ‌ای (جنس مونث) است، 14 زن که مبتلا به HIV/AIDS بودند انتخاب و به صورت انفرادی مورد مصاحبه نیمه‌ ساختاریافته قرار گرفتند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ ها به کمک روش پدیدارشناختی و کدگذاری متون حاصل از مصاحبه ‌ها انجام ‌شد. مطابق با یافته‌ های پژوهش، گرچه همه شرکت‌کنندگان به ‌دلیلی کاملاً عرفی به HIV مبتلا شده بودند و در حقیقت قربانی همسرانشان بودند، اما تجربه استیگما، بدنام‌شدن و تبعیض را داشتند و متأسفانه رفتار منصفانه ‌ای در جامعه با آنها نشده بود. آنها در زندگی خود با چالش ‌ها و مشکلات مختلفی روبرو بودند و برای حل مشکلات و کنار‌آمدن با چالش ‌ها راهکارهای متفاوتی را به ‌کار گرفته بودند. معنویت از مهمترین راهکار‌های کنار‌آمدن بود که اکثر آنها به آن اذعان کردند. همه زنان مبتلا پس از آگاهی از بیماری خود شوک شدید، ترس، انزجار، غم، افسردگی، و انزوا را تجربه کرده بودند. همچنین اکثریت این زنان امیدی به آینده و معنایی در زندگیشان نداشتند. به ‌نظر می ‌رسد ارائه راهکارهای مشاوره ‌ای می‌ تواند نقش مؤثری در افزایش سازگاری این زنان با شرایط جدید زندگی و توانمند‌سازی آنها داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Psycho-social Consequences for Married Women Infected with HIV/AIDS

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elaheh Hejazi 1
  • Yaser Madani 2
  • Saleheh Iranmanesh 3
1 Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the experience of married women living with HIV/AIDS. For this purpose, using combination purposeful sampling method that combines sampling a mixed of several criterion sampling (married), and quota sampling (female), 14 women with HIV/AIDS were selected and individual semi-structured interviews respectively. Data analysis was carried out using the phenomenological method and coding texts of the interviews were conducted. According to the research findings, although all participants were infected with HIV perfectly justifiable (legitimate) reason, and in fact they were victims of their husbands, but experience stigma, discrimination, notorious and unfortunately, they were not treated fairly in society. They have faced challenges and difficulties in their lives and to solve problems and cope with challenges, different strategies are employed. Spirituality of the most important ways to cope that most of them acknowledged it. All women after becoming aware of her illness, had experienced, severe shock, anxiety, fear, disgust, sadness, depression, and isolation. The majority of these women have no hope for the future and meaning in their lives. It seems consulting solutions can be effective for increasing adjustment of women with HIV/AIDS with the new conditions of life and empower them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Women
  • Lived Experience
  • HIV/AIDS
  • stigma

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فصل‌نامه پژوهش‌های کاربردی روانشناختی
دوره 9، شماره 4
اسفند 1397
صفحه 71-90

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