تأثیر برنامه تفکر سازنده بر کاهش اختلالات درون‌نمود کودکان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار روانشناسی سلامت پژوهشگاه مطالعات آموزش و پرورش

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی و تبیین تأثیر برنامه بین‌المللی تفکر سازنده (PATHS) از طریق نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم هیجانی و شایستگی‌های اجتماعی و هیجانی بر کاهش اختلالات درون‌نمود کودکان (اضطراب و افسردگی) بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران بود. روش تحقیق از نوع شبه‌آزمایشی (گروه­های کنترل نامعادل) بود. به‌همین‌منظور، تعداد 600 دانش‌آموز پسر در سنین 6 تا 12 سال را براساس ملاک‌های ورودی همسانی طبقات اجتماعی و اقتصادی، شرایط آموزشی و فقدان اختلالات شدید جسمی و روانی به‌صورت در دسترس انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایشی جایگزین شدند. به‌منظور سنجش مشکلات درون‌نمود کودکان، نظام سنجش مبتنی بر تجربه آخنباخ (ASEBA) پیش و پس از مداخلات برای هر دو گروه کنترل و آزمایشی اجرا شد. گروه آزمایشی به مدت یک‌سال تحصیلی برنامه تفکر سازنده و گروه کنترل برنامه‌های متعارف و جاری خود را دریافت کردند. یافته‌های حاصل از تحلیل کوواریانس نشان دادند که گروه آزمایشی در خرده‌مقیاس‌های اختلالات درون‌نمود در مقایسه با گروه کنترل کاهش معناداری را نشان داده‌اند (05/0p<). نتایج این مطالعه نشان دادند که نسخه فارسی برنامه تفکر سازنده بر کاهش اختلالات درون‌نمود کودکان تأثیر معناداری دارد و از این برنامه می‌توان در مدارس به‌عنوان یک مداخله مبتنی بر شواهد در حوزه مداخلات اجتماعی و هیجانی و کاهش مشکلات درون‌نمود کودکان استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of PATHS Program on Reduction of Children's Internalized Disorders

نویسنده [English]

  • Behnam Behrad
Assistant Professor of Health Psychology, Research Institute of Education
چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present study was to investigate and explain the effects of the PATHS program through mediating role of emotion regulation on reduction of internalizing disorders (anxiety and depression). Internalizing disorders are the most prevalent emotional and behavioral disorders among children. The study population includes students of primary schools in Tehran. Research method was quasi experimental and the sample size included 600 male students ages 6-12 years old  who were selected based on inclusion criteria such as same social and economic status, same educational settings, and lack of severe physical and mental disorders. They were selected based on convenience sampling and assigned to control and experimental groups randomly. In order to assess internalizing disorders, each group was evaluated by Achenbach TRF form before and after the interventions. Experimental group received PATHS program for one academic year while the control group received custom educations. Results of ANCOVA indicated that, the experimental group showed significant reductions in subscales of internalizing disorders (P<0.05). Findings of the study showed that the Persian version of PATHS program has significant effects on children's internalizing disorders and it can be used in schools as an evidence based program in social and emotional interventions and to reduce children's internalizing disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • PATHS program
  • Internalized Disorders
  • Emotion Regulation
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