واکاوی عوامل خطر و محافظ در زنان اقدام کننده به خودکشی: یک رویکرد پدیدارشناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم‌تربیتی و روان‌شناسی ، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصهفان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان ، اصفهان ، ایران

4 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، گروه روانپزشکی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف واکاوی تجارب زیسته زنان اقدام کننده به خودکشی در خصوص عوامل خطر و عوامل محافظ انجام شده است. روش مطالعه کیفی و رویکرد پدیدارشناختی بود. نمونه گیری هدفمند بوده است و پس از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 15 زن اقدام کننده به خودکشی، اشباع نظری داده ها بدست آمد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل از روش هفت مرحله ای کلایزی استفاده شد. قابلیت اعتماد یافته ها بر پایه ملاک های لینکلن و گوبا مورد تایید قرار گرفت. چهار مضمون و نه زیرمضمون در خصوص عوامل خطر شناسایی گردید: تنش در روابط خانوادگی (مشاجره و درگیری، بی تفاوتی عاطفی، عدم وفاداری زناشویی)، روابط نافرجام (خود سرزنشگری،از دست دادن)، رنج روانی (زندگی در اندوه و ناامیدی، ادراک ناخودکاامدی، احساس سربار بودن) و مضمون مشکلات اقتصادی(ضعف مالی و بیکاری). همچنین چهار مضمون اصلی در خصوص عوامل محافظت کننده استخراج شد: تعلق عاطفی به عضوی از خانواده، احساس مسئولیت در مقابل فرزندان، اعتقادات مذهبی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده. نتایج این مطالعه حاکی از اهمیت روابط خانوادگی و عاطفی و همچنین افسردگی درمان نشده بعنوان اصلی ترین عوامل شناسایی شده موثر بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of Risk and Protective Factors in Women Attempting Suicide: A Phenomenological Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sepideh Kiyanzad 1
  • Hamid Taher Neshat Doost 2
  • Hosseinali Mehrabi 3
  • Sayyed Ghafoor Mousavi 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Department of psychiatry, School of Medicine, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of women attempting suicide regarding risk factors and protective factors. The study method was qualitative and the phenomenological approach. Sampling was purposeful and after semi-structured interviews with 15 women who attempted suicide, saturation was achieved. Seven-step Colaizzi method was used for analysis. The reliability of the findings was confirmed based on Lincoln and Guba criteria. Identified four themes and eight subthemes for risk factors: Tensions in family relationships (subthemes: Argument and conflict, emotional indifference, Lack of marital loyalty), Failed relationships (self-blame, loss), Mental suffering (Living in sorrow and despair, Sense of being a burden, Perception of inefficiency) and theme of poverty and unemployment. Four themes were also extracted regarding protective factors: emotional attachment to a family member, sense of responsibility towards children, religious beliefs, and perceived social support. The results of this study indicate the importance of family and emotional relationships as well as untreated depression as the main factors identified as effective. Outcomes and key implications of this study were mainly related to improving the treatment experiences of women surviving suicide and other high-risk populations through the development of preventive interventions commensurate with the findings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk factors
  • Protective Factors
  • Attempted suicide
  • Women
  • Phenomenology
شیخی، م. ت.، جمیلی کهنه‌شهری، ف.، و رضایی‌نسب، ز. (1396). بررسی تجارب زیستۀ اقدام به خودکشی زنان شهر ایلام با رویکرد روشی نظریه‌مبنایی. مجلۀ جامعه‌شناسی ایران18(4)، 107-82.‌
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دوره 13، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 19-38
  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 آذر 1401